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A Brief History of the Methodist Church

Falam District


Conference Office
Methodist Church, Myanmar
Falam, Chin State


Chapter 1

Introduction

1.1. Physical Features and Location
The Methodist Church, Falam District, lies in the northwest of the Chin State, between north latitude 23’ 10” and 23’ 50” and east longitude 93’ 12” and 93’ 30”. Generally, it is 4000-6000 ft. above sea level. The Tiau River flows from the north to the south serving as a boundary line between the Mizo State (India) and the Chin State (Myanmar). To the eastern side of our District, there runs the range of Lent Lang Mountain which separates our District from Tedim Township. The length of our District is 70 miles and its breadth varies from 10-20 miles. Tuibual, the nearest Circuit headquarters to Falam, the District headquarters is 42 miles away. Our District comprises Falam and Tedim townships. There are 5 Circuits in Falam Township and 3 Circuits in Tedim Township. The nearest Circuit headquarters from Tedim town are Zimte Circuit and New Haimual Circuit that are more than 30 miles away and only 18 miles away from Champhai, Mizo State, India.

1.2. How the Community Earns their Living
Until a new national constitution was drawn and confirmed on the 3rd March of 1974, the Chin State was formerly called the Chin Hills. Accordingly, the Chin State, as a whole, is mountainous, hilly and steep. It is devoid of natural resources such as gold, diamond, jade, silver and good timber.

This being the case, almost all the people are compelled by force of circumstances to earn their livings by cultivation of barren lands. Rain or shine, they have to work hard in their fields every day. In spite of their great labor and effort, they can hardly get sufficient supply of crops for a year. In other words, they live a hard life and live from hand to mouth.

1.3. Communication
Because the Chin State, as it has been mentioned, is full of high hills, steep cliffs and deep valleys, it is very difficult to make good roads. During the 2nd world war, the British government constructed an evacuating road from Mandalay to Tedim. The motor road from Kalemyo to Falam was also opened in 1955 and the jeep road from Falam to Rih was opened in 1960. The Jeep road from Tedim to Rih was opened in 1977. During the rainy season, the Jeep takes 3-6 days to reach Rih, 65 miles from Falam and 2-4 days to reach Rih from Tedim, a distance of 35 miles. These two roads play an important role in the inter-commercial business between India and Myanmar. It is through these two motor roads that the people from Kabaw valley and the people from the Chin State carry out their commercial business. As a result of this, the motor fare is so high that a passenger has to pay K. 3000 - K. 5000 for a distance of 35 miles.

1.4. Government Administration
Before the British government annexed Myanmar, Myanmar had its own king and ruled itself. Likewise, the Chin State and the Mizoram had never been ruled by either India or Myanmar. They had their own chiefs and ruled themselves. The chief of Tlaisun or (Falam) ruled the greatest area and was given tributes even by the people who lived in the east of the Mizoram. On the occasion of the third Anglo-Burmese war which took place in 1885, Thibaw, the last Burmese king, Mandalay, was captured by the British. Then, Lord Dufferin, the then Viceroy of India, declared that the whole Myanmar had become one of the British Colonies since January 1886. Myanmar became one of the provinces of India for 70 years. But in 1947, Myanmar was separated from India and stood as a separate country since then.

In 1889, the British government annexed the Mizoram (Lushai Hills) and the Chin State (Chin Hills) and established a District Headquarters at the present Falam in 1892 and ruled the Chin State from here. Likewise, a District Headquarters was established at Aizawl, the present capital of the Mizo State (India) and was under the Indian government. India got her independence in August 15, 1947 and Burma got her independence on 4th January 1948.

After leading the country by parliamentary democracy for 14 years, the Revolutionary government took the State power and Sovereignty on March 2, 1962. Then, the country was led by Burma Socialist program party. Having drawn the state constitution, the Revolutionary government handed the state power and sovereignty to the Government of the Socialist Republic of the Union of Myanmar on 2nd March 1974 that led the country till 17th September 1988. Then, the State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC) was formed and took the state power and sovereignty on 18th of September 1988. The State Law and Order Restoration Council changed “Burma” into “Myanmar” and “Rangoon” into “Yangon”. Later, the State Law and Order Restoration Council was also changed into the State Peace and Development Council.


Chapter 2

The Arrival of the Good News

2.1. The Ministry of the Baptist Mission
Before the arrival of Good News, the people who lived in the Chin Hills (now called the Chin State) and in the Lushai Hills (now called the Mizoram) of India were called head-hunters by the westerners. As they were sent by Arthington, the rich, to the Mizoram (India) as the first missionaries, Rev. F. W. Savidge and Rev. J. Herbert, arrived in Aizawl on January 11, 1894 and made settlement there right away. But, after four years, both of them had to leave the Mizoram (India) in 1897 because it was put under the mission field of the Welsh Calvinistic Methodist Church (which is now called the Presbyterian Church). Rev. D. E. Jones, the Welsh Calvinistic Methodist Missionary arrived at Aizawl in 1897.

But, when the South of the Mizoram became the British Baptist Mission Field, Rev. F. W. Savidge and Rev. J. Herbert Lorrain returned to the Mimzoram in 1903 and settled at Lunglei (Ser-kawn).

As for the Chin State, the American Baptist Missionary, Rev. A. E. Carson and his wife Laura Hardin Carson arrive at Haka on 15 March 1899. Likewise, Rev. Joseph Herbert Cope and his wife, Mrs. Elizabeth Smith Cope also arrived at Tedim in 1910.

Not only the area of the Falam District Methodist Church borders on the Mizoram, but also the people from both sides belong to the same race, have the same culture and religion and speak the same language. We used the same money (Rupee) as we lived in the same country and under the same government for a long time.

Falam, Haka and Tedim are doubtlessly farther from our area than Champhai of Mizoram. That is the main reason why the community of our area use Champhai as their shopping center even today. Our language is not the same with that of Haka, Falam or Tedim. It is quite obvious that the people from our area had already received the Good News from the Mizoram before the American Baptist missionaries began their ministry in our area. The spiritual revival which took place in Welsh in 1904 arrived at the Mizoram in April 1906. Even though the believers were still very few, the spiritual revivals which took place in 1906, 1913 and 1935 had great effects on the Christian community.

On account of these spiritual revivals, the number of Christians was greatly increased within a short period not only in the Mizoram of India, but also in the area where the Falam District Methodist Church is now carrying on its ministry. It is known from Dr. E. H. East’s manuscript that there had been many Christians in our District between 1900-1909. Dr. E. H. East (1902-1910), who had traveled in the area of the Falam District Methodist Church from 7-28 February 1909, wrote in his manuscript that he saw some Christians at Chawnghoih, Siallam and Saek villages. He also said that they had already received Good News from their brothers from the Mizoram. He said that they asked him for a school and they did not want to learn either Burmese or Chin language other than Lushai language.

In 1899, the year in which Rev. A. E. Carson arrived at the Chin State, Mr. Khuma and Mr. Khara, the first converted Christians in Mizoram, were baptized. Pau Suan and Thuam Hang, the first converted Christians from the Chin State, were given baptism in 1905. By that year, there were 471 Christians in the Mizoram. In 1915, there were 150 Christians in the Chin State and there were more than 10,000 Christians in the Mizoram. By the year 1949 when a Golden Jubilee was held at Haka in the Chin State, there were 18,000 Christians and there were 129,681 members in the Mizoram.

Even though the first believers in our District were under the care and superintendence of the American Baptist Mission, it was from the Welsh Calvinistic Methodist Church from the Mizoram that they first received the Good News. When the 3rd spiritual revival arrived at our District in 1919, the Christians began to beat the drum in the Church that they used to beat at drinking parties. In 1946, the Gospel mail was carried by the Young Mizo Association from Aizawl to our District and Zahau area. Together with this Gospel mail, there arrived a powerful spiritual revival which drew the hearts of many people and made them Christians. The Gospel mail arrived at Relsing village, which is about 5 miles from Falam.

2.2. Difficulties and Problems Because of Drums
The Gospel mail of 1946 greatly shook the Chin State Baptist Mission Field. Beating drums in the time of worship services in the Church, was unacceptable to the Baptist Church. As a result of this, the beating of drums was strictly forbidden. Rev. Franklin O. Nelson, who lived in Tedim, was one of the people who disliked the beating of drums. From 1946 until 1949, there were troubles and problems in the church because of the evangelical movement and the beating of drums in the church.
In 1949, the Golden Jubilee, the 50th anniversary of the ministry of the American Baptist Mission in the Chin State, was celebrated at Haka. On that occasion, all those who were in favor of evangelical movement and the beating of drums, were excluded from the Baptist Church by the Baptist Convention.

2.3. Their Wandering Period
When the Baptist Church excommunicated all the supporters of the evangelical movement from the Baptist Church, they had to stand on their own feet from 1940 until 1953 because they could not find an appropriate church to affiliate with immediately. They did not have any single ordained minister among their leaders. They were looked after by three lay-pastors. They attempted to affiliate with the Welsh Calvinistic Methodist Church of Mizoram and had a dialogue two times with them. However, their attempts were not successful because they were under different Mission fields and different governments. In 1953, they went to Tahan and met the leaders of the Methodist Church who agreed to present the case in question to the Mandalay District Synod of November 1953. When the matter was discussed at the Synod, it was passed that all the supporters of the evangelical movement be accepted as Methodists starting from November 1953.


Chapter 3

The Methodist Church, Falam District

3.1. Tahan (Kalemyo) Area Council
According to the decision passed by the District Synod of November 1953, the now Falam District Methodist Church was under the guidance and superintendence of the Tahan Area Council. It was the preparatory period for the Methodist Church in the whole country. Being a democratic administrative period, a good number of people from the Mizoram (India) and the Chin State freely moved to Kabaw valley for good establishing round about 100 villages. Because of these people, the number of the Methodist Church members was increased considerably. Mandalay, Maingdawng and Tahan were combined together under the Tahan Area Council. The Mandalay District, one of the districts under the British conference was the highest stage of meeting at Myanmar. In 1964, the Methodist Church in Myanmar became an autonomous Church. Then, the District was upgraded to Conference and the Tahan Area council was upgraded to a District Synod as well.

3.2. A Separate District Synod
Unquestionably, it was really difficult for the representatives from the Chin State to attend a District Synod, Tahan every year. Besides to this, the members of the Methodist Church were increasing year after year in the Chin State. Based on these grounds, the Mandalay Conference, held in November 1963 passed a decision to set up a separate District Synod at Falam. Accordingly, the new separate District Synod was opened at Falam in June 1969.

3.3. Problems Because of Fire
We have begun to deal with our new District since 1969. While we were under the Tahan District Synod, only Zimte, Rih and Tuibual Circuit headquarters and churches could have been built with the subsidies of the Conference. All the churches, lay pastor quarters and circuit headquarters of Falam, Tedim, New Haimual, Bochung and Chawhte Circuits had been built with our local income and no other subsidy was received for this purpose. As we were trying our best to be a self sufficient District a fire broke out on March 26, 1984 in Falam, all our possessions such as the church building, the headquarters office records and furniture were on fire and became ash. We were forced by the circumstances to begin our restoring tasks based on our local income. All ministers, lay pastors, office staff and all government servants in the church contributed their respective one month pay for the rehabilitating fund. Each of the church members also contributed K.25/- each.

3.4. Disintegration of the Church
As it has already been said before, we were always permeated by every spiritual revival through the Mizoram because our dwelling place is adjacent to it. The new-birth revival has been prevailing among us since 1960. We, the Methodists, are the initiators and the propagators. Another spiritual revival called the truth revival has arrived again since 1986, after the new birth revival. The teaching of the truth revival clashes or opposes many of John Wesley’s teaching. For instance,
(a) In order to be saved, man has nothing to do except waiting for God’s work.
(b) Man cannot be perfected.
(c) Man’s work is nothing.
(d) Man cannot believe in God. God’s trust in Jesus is our faith.
(e) Man has not heart before the fall.
(f) A believer cannot fall into sin or lose his salvation because he spirit is hidden with Christ in God.
(g) Man was taken by Satan before. Man did not use his will at the fall.
With regard to the truth revival, the ministers in the Tahan District divided themselves into two parties, opposing each other. There was also an opposition among the Christian community. The problems were getting worse and worse and then on the occasion of the Annual Conference of 1996, there was a severe opposition among the representatives of the Conference which was much more loathsome than worldly politics. Eight ministers and round about 3000 members from Tahan District left the Methodist Church and joined the Wesleyan Church between December 1996 and January 1997.

Knowing that our District would also be inevitably influenced by this teaching soon, we held a spiritual convention in May 1997 and all ministers, lay pastors and round about 1000 members went campaigning. Since the teachings of the truth revivalists go alongside with that of John Wesley’s theology, we firmly believed that the knowledge and good understanding of John Wesley’s theology would be the best armor to safeguard against the teachings of the truth revivalism. So, John Wesley’s theology was carefully taught throughout the whole campaign. Consequently, we held a special meeting on 29th of August 1997 and passed a decision to stand as a separate Conference and to go on according to John Wesley’s theology.

At present, there are 14 ministers, 1 full-time lay pastor, 5 part-time lay pastors, 3 missionaries, 8 evangelists and 4091 members under our Conference.


Chapter 4

The Ministry of Mission

4.1. What We Have Done in the Past
It is true that mission spirit is inherent in us from the beginning. The truth of this fact is testified by the sending of Rev. Lalhrima to the Khualsim area in 1933 as a missionary whose descendants are still remaining in Khualsim area today.

The arrival of the new-birth revival round about 1960-1970 had a considerable effect especially on the lives of the youth and produced a strong desire to have an evangelical work in the area where there are no Christians. In 1974, the District Methodist Youth Association (DMYA) Convention passed a resolution to look for a Mission field. The DMYA began its missionary work in Kanpetlet Township in the Southern Chin State. The District Synod helped the DMYA in its missionary work from 1977 and established a Home Mission Board right away. The ministry of the Home Mission Board was blessed by God that in 1993, 1743 people were Christianized and two ministers completed four year course of Theology. The Tahan District also had a missionary field in Mindat Township from 1972.

The Kanpetlet mission field and the Tahan mission field were combined into one and were under the superintendence of the Minidat Area council which was opened on March 27, 1994. It was ceremonially opened by Rev. Lalsawivela, the then Chairman of the Falam District.

The Falam District Synod of 1995 passed a resolution to look for a new missionary field. During the summer season of 1996, Rev. Lalsawivela, the District Chairman, Mr. Hramcheuva, the Secretary of the Evangelism and Mission Committee, and Mr. Lalthianghlima, went to Paletwa township to look for a suitable missionary field. After hearing their report, the District Synod of 1996 sent Lay Pastor Nghaklianchhunga and Mr. Suilianmanga to Paletwa Township as missionaries in May 1997. Owing to some difficulties, Lay Pastor Nghaklianchhunga and his family came home after one year and only Mr. Suilianmanga carried on his ministry with an indigenous worker. In 1999 we employed three indigenous people. In the year 2000 we were able to send three missionaries and 8 evangelists of the indigenous people were also employed. The statistics of our ministry in the mission field is as shown below.

Year: Member: Budget:
1997 16 Ks. 879582
1998 58 Ks. 1410048
1999 227 Ks. 1268626
2000 349 Ks. 1453534
2001 420 Ks. 1711137

We pray to God to give us 500 members in 2002. We have two strange and remarkable successes. The first one is one Buddhist Monk was converted and born again. The second one is one Rakhaing family were converted and born again.

4.2. The Sources of Our Missionary Fund
We have no other financial sources except our tithes. It is also true that all our church buildings, quarters and workers’ salaries are built and paid from our tithes. No society, associations or organizations has ever given us any financial aid. In other words we support ourselves until now. Although we are just poor cultivators who live from hand to mouth, God helps us and we have never been put to shame within 50 years.

4.2.1. Handful Rice
Since our staple food is rice, every family cooks rice every day. When rice is measured out to be cooked, one handful of rice is set aside for missionary fund. For instance, if one family cooks 10 cups of rice, ten handfuls of rice is set aside in a container for missionary work. This handful of rice is collected weekly from every home. The rice is brought to the church is sold according to the rate fixed by the committee concerned. The practice of this ministry is very useful and successful. We hope to get K. 750,000 from handfuls of rice this year. Besides this handful of rice, the earnest, also contribute one or two cups of rice every week for hosting Jesus. This is the chief ministry of the Women’s Association.

4.2.2. Firewood Missionary
Being poor people, all of us use firewood for cooking food. Women fetch firewood from the jungle almost every day and every time they fetch firewood, each women sets aside one or two pieces of firewood for the missionary work. At a certain period of time, this missionary firewood is realized for missionary fund. This firewood missionary is also one of the branches of the ministry of the Women’s Association. The budget estimate of firewood missionary fund for the 2002-2003 budget year is K. 18,000.

4.2.3. One Day Labor for Mission Field
Everybody earns his living by working all day in the field throughout the whole year. Out of 365 days, every member spends or uses one day for earning money for missionary fund. The money is collected once a year. This year, the budget estimate is K. 100,000. This ministry is also run by the Women Association.

4.2.4. Faith Promised Card
Every year, the District Synod fixes the 3rd Sunday of December as a “Faith Promised Card” day for the whole District. On that day, every full member is given a card on which he/she has to write the amount of that he/she promises himself/herself to contribute for the missionary work of the year. Every member tries his/her best to fulfill the promise he/she has made.

4.2.5. Secondhand Clothes
Under the guidance and direction of the District Methodist Women Association, secondhand clothes or money is collected for the people of our mission field who stand badly in need of clothes. Last year, clothes worth of K. 33,755 was sent to the mission field. This is also one of the branches of the ministry of the Women’s Association.

Chapter 5

Future Prospects and Problems

Owing to climatic changes, there are lots of problems and difficulties in our country. The situation was getting worse and worse. The fall of the Asian Economics in 1997 had a considerable effect on our country. The process of inflation in our country from May to September of this year is really horrible and awful.

Even though there are such difficulties, perplexities and troubles in our country, our conference hopes to achieve its future plans of work successfully by relying on God. We are now praying to God in order that we may be able to carry out the under mentioned work programs successfully.

5.1. Our Ministry in the Mission Field
We are really in need of your prayer in order to build quarters in Paletwa Township, our mission field. There are no good roads in that area. The rivers are the only highways there. As a result, it is very difficult to travel from one place to another place during the rainy season. We are preparing to have a mission quarters in Paletwa town, as well as in the mission field.

5.2. Learning Schools
The government servants never or seldom reach the small villages where we are having our missionary work. There are no schools for the children to go. Therefore, our missionaries, Lallianzuala and Hmingthangliana opened primary schools at their respective residence and teach children.

5.3. Orphanage
There are many parentless children and deformed persons who do not have any one to look after them. So, we are compelled by force of necessity to establish an orphanage at an appropriate place. Even now, Lalthanvula, the mission field in charge, is looking after two orphans at Paletwa.

5.4. Difficulty in Health
Paletwa Township is still under-developed in many ways. It abounds with malaria and our missionaries are often attacked by malaria. Therefore, the people are badly in need of medical assistance.

5.5. Development Projects
As the region where we are living is hilly, mountainous and steep, it is not easy for us to have a development project. It is with great difficulty that the people earn their living by shifting cultivation. However, it is true that there may be some suitable projects which can be accomplished successfully. For instance, rice field project, animal breeding, farming and orchard. Different kinds of fruit trees such as pear, mango, orange, lemon and vine can be grown successfully in our state. But, as there are no machines or factories, the fruits cannot be canned or preserved for future use. So, we are lack of fruits or fruit juice almost all the year round.

5.6. Private Boarding School
In our country, no government school has a reliable board school. As a result, private boarding schools are opened every where all over the country. However, it is not easy for the poor to attend any board schools because the required fees for one academic school year is too high. It is clear that most of the learners may not be able to continue further study unless our church sets up private boarding schools at appropriate places.

5.7. Theological College
Nowadays, there are many Theological Colleges in our country. But there is not any Theological Colleges that teach John Wesley’s Theology. So we stand badly in need of having a Theological College of our own. We find it difficult translating the 44 sermons in our own language because the English is difficult for us. Ten sermons out of 44 sermons, John Wesley’s Theology, Theology Today and An Approach to Christian Doctrine have already been translated in our language. It is obvious that our unawareness of John Wesley’s Theology is one of the main reasons of the split of the Church. It is really difficult to continue further study under the guidance and direction of the British Conference. Consequently, some people continued further study in India. Because we do not have a Theological College of our own, we are meeting lots of difficulties and there are not Theological Colleges in our country that teach John Wesley’s theology. We also have great problems in order to study in India, Philippines, Singapore, Hong Kong and Korea without having sponsors or without getting stipend.

5.8. Publication Problem
The problem that every church in our country has is publication of books. Neither translation of books nor writing of books is possible for us because of our financial deficiency. Our weakness in financial matter prevents us from publishing John Wesley’s books and other useful books. It is by using an ordinary type-writer and a Gestetner that we are doing our work in the District Office and Conference Office. So, we are looking forward to having a computer and a Xerox machine.

5.9. Extension of Ministry Area
Until now, our Chin State has not been included among the places where the tourists are allowed to visit. Kalemyo airport is the nearest airport to the Chin State. Kalemyo is to be said the main door of the Chin State because it is not possible to enter the Chin State without first passing through Kalemyo. If anyone who lives in the Chin State wants to go to other parts of Myanmar, he/she has to pass through Kalemyo; it is the town at which different roads meet together. It is 80 miles from Falam, our District headquarters. The roads from Kalemyo to Falam, Tedim and Tamu are all weather roads.

Kalemyo and Kabaw valley, as it has been mentioned above, play an important part for the development of the Chin State not only in economics but also in religion. As the Kalemyo Township is fertile and communication is good, the population is increasing year after year. Most of the people are the Chins who moved to the plain from the Chin State. It is learned that many people are likely to join us if we could have a District Headquarters at Tahan, Kalemyo. At the same time, as Yangon is the capital of Myanmar, it is necessary to have a headquarters in it in order that it will be easy for us to have contacts with you as well as other parts of the world.

Chapter 6

Conclusion

In spite of the fact that our Church is young, we assume that we are receiving both God’s guidance and calling. Our history, as far as we can trace, is very short and limited. For instance, we did not know where we had been at the time when John Wesley was leading the spiritual revival and the Methodist came into existence in England in the 18th century. Because of the work of the missionaries, we began to read and write only at the beginning of the 20th century. Our history, prior to this time, was just a tradition and it was impossible to know clearly its correctness. In respect with religion, we had been the people who would waste money on poultry and domestic animals for sacrifices. However, we are well aware that our present standard of living has been greatly and rapidly changed and enlightened by the Good News.

When we look back at our retrospective stepping stones and how we were called to be Christians, it is quite clear that it is by passing through a lot of difficulties, perplexity, conflagration and haplessness that we reach our present position. But it is the most exciting and beautiful fact that we, the weak, have been strengthened by Christ to stand on our own feet and to preach the Good News among the unbelievers. The population of our country is 512 million and there are 6 difference religions in the country such as Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, Animism, Hinduism and others. There are 135 different races in our country among which we, the Chins, are only 1.74% of the whole population. However, we believe that we have been chosen by God to be the holder of the light of the Good News in Myanmar.

I invite you to study and observe our real position in politics, economics and religion patiently in order that you may be able to get ideas about how our difficulties should be solved or dealt with. To speak straight forwardly, it is some of these difficulties which depress the minds of the church community and make us thing that we should, by no means, be able to stand on our own feet. We suppose that we, the Christians today, have the responsibility to read and correct such wrong idea and concept. Our future plan is to work heart and soul in order to get rid of such wrong ideas and to inculcate right principles in the minds of the church community.

Taking a bird’s eye view of the work that our church had done in the past, it can be seen clearly that our church had relatively church buildings and quarters by the help of God. Our biggest future plan and happiness is an evangelical work and to give our lives and possessions for the unbelievers.

We are desirous of doing good and great work for God. But it is not possible for us to do so because we belong to a young and poor race. Besides this, we are lack of learned man. We also meet a lot of difficulties because the communication and transport is still under-developed in our state. Our daily income is out of to our daily consumption. Today, we are given a lot of perplexities by such difficulties which we cannot get rid of by our own efforts.

Until now, there is only one District under our Conference. However, we are making necessary preparations in order to open two new Districts as early as possible. It is known that there are many people who are supposed to join us in the near future. We, the Christians in our country, are only 5.06% of the whole population and the remaining 94.04% of the population are non-Christians. This indicates that our country needs evangelism practically. The things which we need most are prioritized as below:

1. Evangelical ministry
2. Theological training and courses
3. Educational uplift
4. Development projects
5. Building quarters

Finally, we firmly believe that our collaboration with the Evangelical Methodist Church be according to the will and wish of God and will open the door of God’s treasure house where all our physical and spiritual needs are stored and kept for us.